Hoof Rot in Dairy Cattle

Hoof rot in dairy cattle is caused by the bacteria Fusobacterium necophorum, and is shed into the dairy environment by feces. It is most often seen in confinement cattle. These anaerobic bacteria thrive in manure and damp, warm conditions. Hoof rot is characterized by a variety of symptoms. The cow will more than likely exhibit some degree of lameness and discomfort. Other symptoms to be on the lookout for include a foul smelling discharge, red inflamed tissue above the hoof, and possible swelling of the affected hooves with spreading of the toes. There may also be necrotic lesions between the claws.

The common treatment for hoof rot in dairy cattle consists of a cycle of systemic antibiotics that will not interfere with the milking process and that will not force a milk withdrawal time. As with any hoof problem in your dairy herd, a cow infected with hoof rot should be blocked up, if possible, off of the affected hoof to allow healing and to minimize lameness so the cow can still produce. After you or your farrier have blocked up the afflicted cow she should be housed in a dry, clean environment to promote healing.

Reducing hoof rot in your dairy herd can be accomplished by housing your cattle in dry, manure free pens that are free of debris. Other recognized preventative measures include footbaths, feed additives, and vaccinations. Contributing factors which can lead to hoof rot include stubble fields, small rocks, abrasive surfaces, and high temperatures with high humidity. Isolating your infected cattle may reduce the spread of the causing bacteria into the barn environment.

If you have had any experience with hoof rot in your dairy herd please post your comments here.